Varanasi, also known as Kashi, is one of the oldest living cities in the world and a beacon of spirituality. Revered as the spiritual capital of India, it holds a significant role in India's religious tourism. Situated along the holy banks of the Ganga, it is a destination where faith, ceremonies, and ancient customs continue to flourish. It is believed that Lord Shiva himself founded the city, making it one of the most sacred Hindu pilgrimage places. This blend of historical significance and mythological heritage endows the city with its revered status among spiritual seekers and holy figures.
The profound holiness of the city is clearly represented in its sacred sites. Among the popular religious places to visit in Varanasi are its temples and ghats.The city is home to several popular temples, including the iconic Kashi Vishwanath Temple, which lies at the heart of every Varanasi pilgrimage tour. In addition to Kashi Vishwanath, amongst the must-visit temples in Varanasi are Durga Temple, Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple, and Kal Bhairav Temple. Many of these sacred spots are recognized as ancient, preserving rituals and architecture from centuries past. These religious places in Varanasi provide profound insights into the city's religious foundations and cultural essence.
Some of the popular religious places to visit in Varanasi are listed below, representing the city's deep spiritual and cultural roots:
One of the most famous temples in Varanasi, Shri Kashi Vishwanath Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva is considered the spiritual heart of the city. Situated on the western banks of the Ganga, it is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas and carries great religious importance for its followers. The present structure was constructed in 1780 by Ahilyabai Holkar from Indore, although the location has experienced several reconstructions due to various historical invasions. The temple's golden dome and detailed Nagara-style architecture showcase the spiritual magnificence of Kashi. It is believed that visiting this temple grants spiritual liberation, making it a central point of every Varanasi pilgrimage tour.
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One of the oldest temples in Varanasi, Shri Kaal Bhairav Temple is dedicated to Kaal Bhairav, a fierce incarnation of Lord Shiva, who is regarded as the guardian (Kotwal) of the city. Worshippers believe it is essential to obtain his consent to live in or depart from Kashi. Renowned for its intense spiritual presence, the temple attracts saints, locals, and visitors alike. Unlike in typical offerings, here devotees present alcohol, a unique ritual that reflects ancient Shaivite customs. This holy site is a key part of the Varanasi pilgrimage tour and is regarded as one of the most popular pilgrimage places in Varanasi.
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Situated within Banaras Hindu University, the New Vishwanath Temple stands as a contemporary architectural wonder among the popular temples in Varanasi. Sponsored by the Birla family and finished in 1966, this temple serves as a replica of the original Kashi Vishwanath Temple. Constructed entirely from white marble, it ranks among the tallest temples in India. Welcoming individuals of all religions, the temple embodies the essence of unity and universal worship. Its tranquil atmosphere makes it a favored destination for religious tourism in Varanasi.
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This is one of the most must visit temples in Varanasi, devoted to Lord Hanuman. It was founded in the early 16th century by the renowned saint-poet Goswami Tulsidas, who composed the Ramcharitmanas. Many devotees come here seeking relief from their difficulties (sankat), as Hanuman is regarded as the ultimate protector. Known for its lively gatherings on Tuesdays and Saturdays, the temple serves as a significant stop for those on a pilgrimage place circuit in the city.
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It is popularly known as the Monkey Temple because of the numerous monkeys in the area, Shri Durga Temple is a must-see temple in Varanasi. Established in the 18th century by a Bengali queen, it is dedicated to Goddess Durga and features a striking red stone construction, symbolizing strength and protection. The temple is located next to a sacred pond known as Durga Kund. It showcases the Nagara architectural style typical of North Indian temples and is a significant site on the Varanasi pilgrimage tour.
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Gurudham Temple in Varanasi is a shrine rich in spirituality and symbolic architecture, constructed in the 19th century. It is believed that during his visit to Kashi, Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism, meditated at this tranquil location. What sets this temple apart is its architectural depiction of the seven body sheaths (chakras), a symbolic representation of the human energy system. Additionally, the temple reflects a microcosmic perspective of the four sacred puris (spiritual cities) of India. This combination of spiritual symbolism and sacred geometry renders it a profoundly meaningful destination.
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Situated in the eastern region of Varanasi, Shri Kardameshwar Temple is among the oldest temples in the city, dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is named after Sage Kardama, who is said to have practiced meditation at this location. The temple includes a sacred pond (kund) and a traditional stone Shiva Lingam. This site is a key location for performing ancestral rites and Shraddha ceremonies, particularly during Pitru Paksha. Enveloped in tranquility, it draws devotees during Mahashivratri and throughout the month of Shravan.
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The Parshwanath Jain Temple located in Bhelupur is an important pilgrimage place for the Jain community. It is dedicated to Tirthankara Parshwanath, who is thought to have been born in Varanasi. This elegantly built temple showcases white marble, elaborate carvings, and a tranquil prayer hall. It serves not only as an architectural masterpiece but also as a hub for Jain teachings, promoting non-violence and peace. Events such as Mahavir Jayanti and Paryushan Parva attract large crowds. With its spiritual tranquility and historical significance, the temple plays a crucial role in religious tourism in Varanasi, particularly for adherents of Jainism.
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Note: Photography is allowed only with special permission due to the sanctity of the space.
Located close to the renowned Manikarnika Ghat, the Vishalakshi Devi Temple is a respected Shakti Peetha in Varanasi. It is said that the earring of Goddess Sati landed at this location, creating a significant hub of divine feminine energy. The temple is beautifully adorned and tends to be bustling with visitors during Navratri and Durga Puja. Worshippers come here to seek blessings for wealth, harmonious marriages, and protection. The presence of Vishalakshi Devi amplifies the spiritual allure of Kashi. This temple is considered a must visit temple in Varanasi, particularly for devotees of Shakti and those on the Kashi temple pilgrimage.
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The Lolark Kund Temple is a distinctive holy site in Varanasi, renowned for its sacred tank (kund), which is thought to have miraculous fertility qualities. This temple is dedicated to Surya Dev (the Sun God) and holds particular importance for couples seeking blessings for children. A key event is the Lolark Shashti Mela, where devotees immerse themselves in the kund and leave clothes and offerings behind. Although it features simple architecture, the spiritual significance is profound. The temple embodies a beautiful fusion of natural and divine elements that reflect deeply ingrained beliefs and traditions, beyond merely grand structures.
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Shooltankeshwar Temple is a sacred yet lesser-known temple in Varanasi, dedicated to Lord Shiva in his formidable guardian aspect. The term 'Shooltankeshwar' denotes the deity who wields a trident (shool), representing the safeguarding of the sacred city. According to mythological traditions, it is believed to be one of the protective deities surrounding Kashi. The temple emanates a mystical ambiance, especially during Mahashivratri when it comes alive with energy. Situated away from the typical tourist routes, it provides a more personal and local spiritual experience, making it an important addition to the well-known popular pilgrimage places in Varanasi for devoted followers of Shiva.
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Located in the center of Varanasi close to Bengali Tola, Shri Tilbhandeshwar Mahadev Temple is among oldest temples in Varanasi, renowned for its extraordinary self-manifested Shiva Linga. According to legend, the linga appeared spontaneously from the ground and is believed to increase slightly in size each year. The temple draws thousands of visitors during the month of Shravan and on Maha Shivratri. With its rich ancient architecture and mystical atmosphere, it plays an essential role in religious tourism in Varanasi, particularly for those attracted to strong Shaivite energy and deep-seated local faith traditions.
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Baba Kinaram Ashram located in Ravindrapuri, is the headquarters of the Aghori sect, a mystical Shaiva tradition known for its deep spiritual practices. The ashram was founded by Baba Kinaram, a saint thought to be a manifestation of Lord Shiva. This sacred site attracts not only pilgrims but also interested tourists who wish to discover the lesser-known religious spots in Varanasi. The samadhi of Baba Kinaram and the eternal flame (Akhanda Jyoti) continue to draw individuals in search of esoteric wisdom and divine energy. It is a significant stop for those exploring the tantra side of the religion. It also serves as a social center, offering food and shelter to the needy, embodying the Aghori philosophy of embracing all aspects of life.
The Tulsi Manas Temple, located close to Durga Kund, is devoted to Lord Ram and is of great importance as the site where Goswami Tulsidas authored the epic Ramcharitmanas in Awadhi. The temple's walls feature inscriptions of verses from this text, turning it into a living manuscript. Constructed in 1964, this white marble edifice remains a prominent attraction for religious tourism in Varanasi, particularly for followers of Lord Rama and those studying Hindu literature. Its tranquil ambiance and cultural significance make it a must-visit temple in Varanasi.
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Situated in Seer Govardhanpur, this temple is recognized as the birthplace of Sant Guru Ravidas, an esteemed spiritual poet and social reformer from the 15th century. The location is of national importance to the followers of the Ravidasia sect and Dalit communities. It serves as a serene yet influential spiritual hub, drawing pilgrims from all over India and abroad, especially during the celebration of Ravidas Jayanti. The temple complex features a museum and a community center.
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Situated merely 10 km from Varanasi, Sarnath is a world-renowned location where Lord Buddha gave his first sermon following his enlightenment. It ranks as one of the four main pilgrimage sites for Buddhists and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Dhamek Stupa, Chaukhandi Stupa, Ashoka Pillar, and the Sarnath Museum provide valuable insights into the ancient Buddhist heritage of India. Devotees from around the globe travel to this sacred area, making it a vital destination for Buddhist tourism in Varanasi for those in search of tranquility, introspection, and historical significance.
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St. Mary's Church, situated close to Varanasi Cantonment, is among the oldest colonial-era churches still standing in North India, having been constructed in the early 19th century. Featuring a Gothic architectural style with arched windows and stained glass, it provides a peaceful environment for Christian worship. Renowned for its celebrations during Christmas and Easter, the church also serves as a cultural landmark that highlights the city's religious diversity. Its serene surroundings and historic vibe not only draw Christian worshippers but also attract tourists looking for tranquility and architectural beauty. This church contributes to the multi-faith aspect of Varanasi's spiritual landscape.
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